AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL. the first necessity to man, he would, during all times, and in all places, attach great im- portance to their receptacles, and that it is to the study of their mode of concurrence, their connection with adjoining substances, and their relation to the phenomenon observable in the neighboring country, that geology owes its birth.” ' Yet these gifts of the Creator, like every other blessing, may be easily perverted, and the business of worthy and honest mining, changed to disastrous and ruinous speculation. Such a state of things is to be regretted, and as far as possible to be avoided. *’ Notwithstanding the latitude is about 47-30 the thermometer rarely sinks below zero, and the ground does not freeze in winter. No country can excel it in growing potatoes and other esculcnt roots, or in yielding a greater amount of grass. I planted potatoes near the Necomenon river on the 3d of July, and had a good crop from them in October, when the tops had not been touched by frost. ”“ * The following is an extract from a letter, dated January 6th, written by a practical Cornish miner of great experience-the cap- tain ofthe mines in the neighborhood of Ea- gle river, belonging to the .PittsZ)m'g (MHZ Boston, Copper Ilarbet‘ mining company, ad- dressed to the treasurer of that company, re- siding in this city: “ Since I last wrote to you, the most aston- ishing prospect has opened upon us suddenly here, that perhaps ever cheered the most ro- mantic adventurer after mineral wealth! If present qualities and quantities of ore conti-- nue, we may have here fallen in with the richest silver mine perltagis in the world! and in copper never cmcecclctl. It now so far sur- passes anything that perhaps you or I ever saw or heard of in the legends of mining, that B for curiosity’s sake alone, Ishould think it worth ajourney to witness what nature has done so near the surface, particularly in the silver line. Yesterday I barreled up 1772 lbs., and today 1400 lbs.. of silver ore, with the help of one man, and got it out likewise. Last month got out 55 tons of raw ore, mak- ing in all, 145 tons.” Railways. The Cincinnati Gazette, in an article upon the railways of this country, has the following remarks: In every part of the United. States, the de- sire is to cmteml /act‘ ’)'6Lil’)'0(LdS. New Eng.- land takes the lead just now; but wherever any i_mprovement is talked of, preference is given to the railway. We care not how far this kind of improve- ment is pushed, if the parties interested will only act judiciously, and have permanent works erected. They enlarge the domestic market, they increase the value of every kind of property, and they bind the states together by the strongest of human ties. Massachu- setts is becoming one neighborhood by this instrumentality, and Boston is made thereby the very heart of it. New York is just beginning to feel this railroad influence. The great Erie railroad is under way. That, when finished, will connect the city with the lake, and insure a line from Buffalo to Toledo, Detroit, thence to St. Joseph’s and Chicago. And this will quickly lead to a full traversing of the great state of New York by iron tracks, connect- ing that great state with its commercial heart as Boston is connected with Massachusetts. And then will come our turn. We have or will soon have, a main branch extending directly though Ohio. A few months more, and Sandusky and Cincinnati will be neigh- bors. And then branches will go out, and other tracks will be built, all, or nearly all, centreing here. V/Ve must not, however, be in too great haste. We have erred already in this way, if we look as the character of the work done, and its ultimate cost. No railroad ought to be undertaken until ample means are provided to make it substantial and thorough. And that state will profit the most in the long run, that acts upon this principle, even though it seems to get along slower than some of its neighbors. English Iron T1-zule. Fania '1‘1-IE Lennon MINING Jounnan, SEPT. 18, 18/16. 1-'lro72t om‘ co7'7'wrp0iuic)tt. Iron is still in fair demand at quotations. Scotch pigs gave way a little in the early part ofthc we'.~k, but have recovered. In Swedish iron and steel, and Russian iron, there is nothing doing. To I-/L6 Ectitor of the .7l1T£m’ag J1)?!/)'}L(ti-. Glrtsgom Pig Iron ’1‘radc.——A limited business has been done this week; yet, through the firnincss of holders, prices have given way butlittlc. We quote the price to-day at 723. (Z. for N 0. 3; 7-13‘. for 11'li.‘{L‘ti Nos.; and 755. to 76.9. l'orNo. 1-cash, free on board. Glasgow, Sept. 16. DOUL3ELA.‘3 & HILL. LONDON, SEF1‘. ‘JD, 1846. .£. ;6. s. (l. 13ara"Wa]es-ton............... 0 0-815 0 “ London.................. 0 0-915 0 Nail rods...................... 0 0-1010 0 Hoop(staf.).................... O 0-1118 0 Sheet............... . . . . . . . . . .. 0 0-13 0 . . . . . 0 0-11 0 0 Welsh coldblast foundry pig..... 0 0- 5 5 0 Scotch pig/2Clyd.e.... 3 13 6 '- 15 0 Rails, average . . . . . 9 15-10 0 0 Russian, CCNDc......... . . . . .. 0 0- O 0 0 “ 0-0 0 0 “ G0urieIl'............... 0 0- 0 0 0 “ Archangel . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0 0-13 10 0 Swedish (1, onthe spot . . . . . ......11 0-11 10 0 “ Steel,fiigt.............. 0 0-16 5 0 “ “ kegsc............ 0 0-1310 0 a, discount2!_; per cent; F2, net cash; 5, discount 25 per cent; til, ditto; c, in kegs J; and {; inch. From our corrrrsgmnrlcnt. Iatin.-Wclsli and Statlordshire firm at quotations of last week’s Ilfiniag .IuzmtaZ. Scotch pig a shade lower, with a rather heavy appearance. Several large purchases of rails this week by railway com- panies at .139 153. to £10. A few sales this week of Swedish iron and steel. 695 Lennon, Oeronea 2 1846. ii. s. 33. s. d. BaraW'alcs-ton.............. 815-9 0 0 “ London................... 915-10 0 0 Nail rod:s............ . . . . . . . ... 0 0-1010 0 I-Ioop (staf.).. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..11 5-11 10 0 Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0-13 0 0 0-1110 0 Welsh cold blast foundrcy pig.... 0 0- 5 5 0 ScotchpigbClydc.............. 3126315 0 Rails, average . . . . . . . . . . .. .. 9 15-10 0 0 Russian, CCND c . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. 0 0- 0 0 0 “ PS1 . . . . . . . . . . 0-0 0 0 “ Gourieil" . . . . . . .. . . .. 0 0- 0 0 0 “ Archangel . 0 0-13 10 Swedi;-:.h d, on the spot.... . . .. .. .11 0-11 10 H (6 Steel, tagt.... 0 0-16 0 “ kegs c . . . . . . . . ....13 15-14 0 (1., discount 52.‘; per cent; I), net cash; 5, discountfl per cent. ; (Z, ditto; (I, in lzegs and inch. 1v"i'u'/J7, /am‘ (_3(n"rr:.